QUESTIONS

1. State the function of the endocrine system.
2. What is the difference between an endocrine and an exocrine gland?
3. Define hormone.
4. Although most hormones are produced by the endocrine glands, there are several exceptions. List 3, giving their source of production and function.
5. What is meant by a "mixed gland"? Give an example.
6. What is the name of the endocrine part of the pancreas?
7. Name the 2 hormones secreted by the islets of Langerhans.
8. What is the name of the disease which is caused by a disturbance in the oxidisation and utilisation of glucose, which is secondary to a malfunction of the beta cells of the pancreas?
9. What is secreted by the exocrine part of the pancreas?
10. Where are the thyroid glands situated?
11. List the 3 hormones secreted by the thyroid glands and give their functions.
12. What is another name for hypothyroidism (a condition where an insufficiency of thyroxin and tri-iodothyronine secretion may result in obesity, lethargy and poor condition of the skin and coat)?
13. What is the name of the hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, and what is its function?
14. Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which excessive activity of the parathyroid glands cause drainage of calcium from the bones. Name the 3 ways in which hyperparathyroidism may occur.
15. Hyperparathyroidism as a result of chronic renal failure is also known as renal rickets, but it has another name too. What is it?
16. Can you name the 3 hormones produced by the ovary? In addition, state the part of the ovary from which each originates. What are the functions of these hormones?
17. Can you name the 2 hormones produced by the testes? In addition state the name of the cells from which each originates. What are the functions of these hormones?
18. Where are the adrenal glands located?
19. There are 2 regions within the adrenal glands, each secreting different hormones. Name these regions.
20. Name the 2 hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla.
21. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are controlled by the fibres of the sympathetic nervous system and act to prepare the body for emergencies. List 3 clinical signs that occur as a result of the secretion of these hormones.
22. Name the 3 groups of hormones produced by the adrenal cortex.
23. What do the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex have in common?
24. What is the most likely cause of an increased secretion of glucocorticoids?
25. State the 2 main functions of the glucocorticoids.
26. What is the name of the hormone that plays an important role in the maintenance of the electrolyte balance of the body?
27. Name the 2 components of the pituitary gland.
28. The anterior pituitary produces 7 hormones. Name them and state the function of each.
29. Name the 2 hormones produced by the posterior pituitary and state the function of each.
30. By what other name is antidiuretic hormone known?