ANSWERS

1. Define physiotherapy.
   Physiotherapy is defined as treatment and rehabilitation by natural forces including heat, light, manipulation, massage and remedial exercises.
2. What is the purpose of effleurage?
   Effleurage is a stroking technique employed to accustom the animal to touch prior to therapeutic massage.
3. List 5 conditions that may benefit from massage.
   • Contracted ligaments, muscles and tendons.
   • Chronic inflammation.
   • Peripheral nerve injuries.
   • Oedema.
   • Scar tissue.
4. List 5 conditions where massage is contraindicated.
   • Fractures.
   • Haemorrhage.
   • Infection at the site of massage.
   • Acute inflammation.
   • Neoplasia at the site of massage.
5. Describe 3 types of physiotherapy that can be performed in the practice with minimal expertise and equipment.
   • Active exercise - using a sling or cart to assist movement of the patient.
   • Heat treatment - using heat pads or hot water bottles on the affected area to improve circulation.
   • Passive exercise - putting an affected joint through its normal range of motion to regain or retain joint mobility.
6. Physiotherapy may beneficial to damaged muscles, tendons, nerves and other affected areas, but how else is it advantageous to a hospitalised patient?
   A hospitalised animal often becomes bored, and physiotherapy is an ideal way to provide company and stimulation.

Note: Two Key Notes tables accompany this module: a) Types of massage and b) Other physiotherapy techniques.